Order Number |
65547756327547 |
Type of Project |
ESSAY/DISERTATION |
Writer Level |
PHD/MASTERS CERTIFIED |
Format |
APA/MLA/HARVARD/OXFORD |
Academic Sources |
10 -20 |
Page Count |
4-8 PAGES |
why has the drop out in high school increased after covid
What is a literature review? A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources on a specific topic. It provides an overview of current knowledge, allowing you to identify relevant theories, methods, and gaps in the existing research that you can later apply to your paper or thesis. Write a 10-page mini-literature review on a perspective (Example: Elementary, Secondary, Higher Education, STEM, Humanities, etc.) of critical literacy that includes the following components. There are five key steps to writing a literature review: Search for relevant literature Evaluate sources Identify themes, debates, and gaps Outline the structure Write your literature review Step 1 – Search for relevant literature Before you begin searching for literature, you need a clearly defined topic. If you are writing the literature review section of a dissertation or research paper, you will search for literature related to your research problem and questions. Literature review research question example: What is the impact of social media on body image among Generation Z? Make a list of keywords Start by creating a list of keywords related to your research question. Include each of the key concepts or variables you’re interested in and list any synonyms and related terms. You can add to this list as you discover new keywords in the process of your literature search. Keywords example Social media, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Snapchat, TikTok Body image, self-perception, self-esteem, mental health Generation Z, teenagers, adolescents, youth Search for relevant sources Use your keywords to begin searching for sources. Some useful databases to search for journals and articles include: Your university’s library catalogue Google Scholar JSTOR EBSCO Project Muse (humanities and social sciences) Medline (life sciences and biomedicine) EconLit (economics) Inspec (physics, engineering and computer science) Make sure to read the abstract to find out whether an article is relevant to your question. When you find a useful book or article, you can check the bibliography to find other relevant sources. Step 2 – Evaluate and select sources You likely won’t be able to read absolutely everything that has been written on your topic, so it will be necessary to evaluate which sources are most relevant to your research question. For each publication, ask yourself: What question or problem is the author addressing? What are the key concepts and how are they defined? What are the key theories, models, and methods? Does the research use established frameworks or take an innovative approach? What are the results and conclusions of the study? How does the publication relate to other literature in the field? Does it confirm, add to, or challenge established knowledge? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the research? Make sure the sources you use are credible, and make sure you read any landmark studies and major theories in your field of research. You can use our template to summarize and evaluate sources you’re thinking about using. Click on either button below to download. Take notes and cite your sources As you read, you should also begin the writing process. Take notes that you can later incorporate into the text of your literature review. It is important to keep track of your sources with citations to avoid plagiarism. It can be helpful to make an annotated bibliography, where you compile full citation information and write a paragraph of summary and analysis for each source. This helps you remember what you read and saves time later in the process. Tip You can use Scribbr’s free APA citation generator or MLA citation generator to quickly create correct and consistent citations. Step 3 – Identify themes, debates, and gaps To begin organizing your literature review’s argument and structure, be sure you understand the connections and relationships between the sources you’ve read. Based on your reading and notes, you can look for: Trends and patterns (in theory, method or results): do certain approaches become more or less popular over time? Themes: what questions or concepts recur across the literature? Debates, conflicts and contradictions: where do sources disagree? Pivotal publications: are there any influential theories or studies that changed the direction of the field? Gaps: what is missing from the literature? Are there weaknesses that need to be addressed? This step will help you work out the structure of your literature review and (if applicable) show how your own research will contribute to existing knowledge. Example of trends and gaps In reviewing the literature on social media and body image, you note that: Most research has focused on young women. There is an increasing interest in the visual aspects of social media. But there is still a lack of robust research on highly visual platforms like Instagram and Snapchat—this is a gap that you could address in your own research. Step 4 – Outline your literature review’s structure There are various approaches to organizing the body of a literature review. Depending on the length of your literature review, you can combine several of these strategies (for example, your overall structure might be thematic, but each theme is discussed chronologically). Chronological The simplest approach is to trace the development of the topic over time. However, if you choose this strategy, be careful to avoid simply listing and summarizing sources in order. Try to analyze patterns, turning points and key debates that have shaped the direction of the field. Give your interpretation of how and why certain developments occurred. Thematic If you have found some recurring central themes, you can organize your literature review into subsections that address different aspects of the topic. For example, if you are reviewing literature about inequalities in migrant health outcomes, key themes might include healthcare policy, language barriers, cultural attitudes, legal status, and economic access. Methodological If you draw your sources from different disciplines or fields that use a variety of research methods, you might want to compare the results and conclusions that emerge from different approaches. For example: Look at what results have emerged in qualitative versus quantitative research Discuss how the topic has been approached by empirical versus theoretical scholarship Divide the literature into sociological, historical, and cultural sources Theoretical A literature review is often the foundation for a theoretical framework. You can use it to discuss various theories, models, and definitions of key concepts. You might argue for the relevance of a specific theoretical approach, or combine various theoretical concepts to create a framework for your research. Tip Make sure to check out our examples of literature reviews for each type Step 5 – Write your literature review Like any other academic text, your literature review should have an introduction, a main body, and a conclusion. What you include in each depends on the objective of your literature review. Introduction The introduction should clearly establish the focus and purpose of the literature review. Tip If you are writing the literature review as part of your dissertation or thesis, reiterate your central problem or research question and give a brief summary of the scholarly context. You can emphasize the timeliness of the topic (“many recent studies have focused on the problem of x”) or highlight a gap in the literature (“while there has been much research on x, few researchers have taken y into consideration”). Body Depending on the length of your literature review, you might want to divide the body into subsections. You can use a subheading for each theme, time period, or methodological approach. As you write, you can follow these tips: Summarize and synthesize: give an overview of the main points of each source and combine them into a coherent whole Analyze and interpret: don’t just paraphrase other researchers—add your own interpretations where possible, discussing the significance of findings in relation to the literature as a whole Critically evaluate: mention the strengths and weaknesses of your sources Write in well-structured paragraphs: use transition words and topic sentences to draw connections, comparisons and contrasts Conclusion In the conclusion, you should summarize the key findings you have taken from the literature and emphasize their significance. Tip Be sure to show how your research addresses gaps and contributes new knowledge, or discuss how you have drawn on existing theories and methods to build a framework for your research. When you’ve finished writing and revising your literature review, don’t forget to proofread thoroughly before submitting.
RUBRIC | |||
Excellent Quality
95-100%
|
Introduction
45-41 points The context and relevance of the issue, as well as a clear description of the study aim, are presented. The history of searches is discussed. |
Literature Support
91-84 points The context and relevance of the issue, as well as a clear description of the study aim, are presented. The history of searches is discussed. |
Methodology
58-53 points With titles for each slide as well as bulleted sections to group relevant information as required, the content is well-organized. Excellent use of typeface, color, images, effects, and so on to improve readability and presenting content. The minimum length criterion of 10 slides/pages is reached. |
Average Score
50-85% |
40-38 points
More depth/information is required for the context and importance, otherwise the study detail will be unclear. There is no search history information supplied. |
83-76 points
There is a review of important theoretical literature, however there is limited integration of research into problem-related ideas. The review is just partly focused and arranged. There is research that both supports and opposes. A summary of the material given is provided. The conclusion may or may not include a biblical integration. |
52-49 points
The content is somewhat ordered, but there is no discernible organization. The use of typeface, color, graphics, effects, and so on may sometimes distract from the presenting substance. It is possible that the length criteria will not be reached. |
Poor Quality
0-45% |
37-1 points
The context and/or importance are lacking. There is no search history information supplied. |
75-1 points
There has been an examination of relevant theoretical literature, but still no research concerning problem-related concepts has been synthesized. The review is just somewhat focused and organized. The provided overview of content does not include any supporting or opposing research. The conclusion has no scriptural references. |
48-1 points
There is no logical or apparent organizational structure. There is no discernible logical sequence. The use of typeface, color, graphics, effects, and so on often detracts from the presenting substance. It is possible that the length criteria will not be reached. |
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why has the drop out in high school increased after covid