Exam on Physical Geology

Exam on Physical Geology

Instructions/Descriptions

Exam on Physical Geology

I need help with a geo exam because I’m terrible at it and would appreciate it if someone could assist me. For the units we learned, I will offer all study guides and notes. It has 50 questions and is timed at 75 minutes. Monday, March 3rd. It’s 5 p.m. eastern time.

Lecture 16 – Rock Structure is the foundation for the units.

Earthquakes (Lecture 17)

Seismic Hazards (Lecture 18) How Plate Tectonics Became a Theory

Plate tectonics – The Sea Floor (Lecture 19)

Mineral Resources (Lecture 20)

The geology of the solar system (number 21)

PLEASE READ THE STUDY GUIDE AND SEE IF YOU ARE AWARE OF THESE SUBJECTS, AS I WILL NOT HAVE A SECOND GUESS TO ASSIST ME WITH THIS.

GEOL 101 – Exam 3 – Part 2 Study Guide

Mineral resource classification

Minerals are valuable resources.

Mineral resources are nonrenewable, and the rock cycle is sluggish

three distinct types of Resources, both metallic and nonmetallic, as well as energy resources

REE Conflict minerals are an example.

Definition of mineral reserves

The process of extracting ore, processing it, and refining it.

Smelting, tailing

Optional supply sources

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Mining

• Surface mining is used to extract shallow resources.

o Overburden, squanders

o Strip mine, open pit

• Deeper resources require subsurface mining.

o Mineral resource processing: tailings, gangue

Examples

o Coal (methods, influence on the environment, ash, pollution)

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o Petroleum and natural gas (origin, source rock, reservoir rock, drilling). Oil shale with tar sand

o Gold, copper, and other metals

Hydrothermal fluids are the source of this formation. mining in strips

Deposits of placer minerals

demand and supply

Countdown to depletion

Improvements in technology, the discovery of new reserves, and recycling are all strategies.

The science of the solar system’s geology and beyond

The Hypothesis of the Nebular

The Solar System’s Differentiation

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• Chemical: heavier components are found in the core, whereas lighter components are found in the periphery.
• Temperature: heated in the center, cooler as you move away from it

The makeup of the first nebula

• H2 (80%) + He (15%) + Other gases, liquids, and solids (5%), which are split into:
• Gases, rocks, and ices, as well as the temperatures at which they melt.

The solar system’s materials

• Comets

Chondrites, achondrites, and iron meteorites are examples of meteorites. Meteorites are made of stony-iron.

Planets are divided into two groups: terrestrial and jovian.

The Moon of the Earth

• Density – silicate-based, origin
• The body is not shaped by external or internal influences. crater created by an impact

Mercury

• A rocky planet with no atmosphere (it’s too small, and it’s too close to the sun! ),
• Impact craters are the only surface processes.

Venus

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• In terms of size, density, mass, and placement in the solar system, it is similar to Earth.
• CO2 clouds abound in the atmosphere; chemical erosion is the dominant surface activity
• Hundreds of thousands of volcanoes strewn throughout the landscape; vast rift valleys
• There is no active

Mars

• Similar in size to the Earth’s core
• Volcanoes (Olympus Mons), Bulges (Tharsis Region), and Rift Valleys are geologic structures (Valle Marineris).
• The best evidence for erosion from moving fluids on Mars is the channels.
• Groundwater and water stored in ice caps. Surface temperature is really cold.
• marsquakes

Active surface processes on Jupiter’s moons

Io is made up of silicates and has a volcanic activity 100 times that of Earth.

• Europa: The rocky surface is covered by a frozen ocean.

Active surface processes on Saturn’s moon

• Titan has a dense atmosphere with 95 percent nitrogen, 3% CH4, 2% H, and 1% Ar. Temperature at the surface is -179°C.
• Enceladus’ ice surface is regenerating at the solar system’s edge

Pluto + Kuiper Belt

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Cloud of Oort

General factors for geologic processes in the solar system:

• Craters left by the impact
• Surface-related processes
• Deformation of structures due to internal pressures
• Volcanoes of many sorts (Shield, stratovolcanoes, cinder cones, Corona, and Cryovolcanoes) Exoplanets –

definition

Planet’s detection: trappist1 planets as an example of a transit approach.

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What do we know about the geology of exoplanets?

Definition of a Habitable Zone

Exam on Physical Geology

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