Deliverable 2: Executive Summary on Population Health

Deliverable 2: Executive Summary on Population Health

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Deliverable 2: Executive Summary on Population Health

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Deliverable 2: Executive Summary

Population Health

Dr. Merle Point-Johnson

Deliverable 2 Submitted July 22, 2021

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary noncommunicable health problem, leading cause of death in the United States (Howson et al., 2021). United States health care system estimate $531 billion in direct and indirect costs associated with CVD (Matheny et al., 2018). Clinical practice guidelines target primary prevention and recommend that providers evaluate patients for cardiac risk factors (Matheny et al., 2018).

To estimate one’s risk of CVD multivariate risk prediction equations are used. This is done by information from the patient’s medical chart and laboratory test. The data is interpretated through tables (Matheny et al., 2018). Risk factors associated with higher risk for CVD include older age, males, high blood pressure, smokers, abnormal cholesterol levels, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and lack of physical activity (Risk Assessment for Cardiovascular Disease with Nontraditional Risk Factors, 2019).

Studies show patients with diabetes have an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (Matheny et al., 2018). According to the American Heart Association, individuals with diabetes have a more than double risk of cardiovascular disease (Murphy & Goldman, 2020). The most come cause of death for people with type 2 diabetes is heart disease (Murphy & Goldman, 2020). Education to individuals is key to reducing cardiovascular disease. Individuals with diabetes need to be educated on what this does to his/her body. Such as the tissues use sugar as energy, and it is stored in the liver (Murphy & Goldman, 2020). Individuals with diabetes, the sugar can stay in his/her bloodstream and leak out of the liver and damage the blood vessels and nerves (Murphy & Goldman, 2020).

High blood pressure is a common risk factor for cardiovascular disease (Lake County, 2021). Having high blood pressure strains one’s heart and damages blood vessels (Murphy & Goldman, 2020). Individuals with high blood pressure should adhere to a healthy diet, exercise regularly and take required medications (Murphy & Goldman, 2020).

High cholesterol can increase one’s risk of cardiovascular disease (Lake County, 2021). This can cause blockages and lead to heart attack (Murphy & Goldman, 2020). Genetics is the main influence in one’s cholesterol (Murphy & Goldman, 2020). However, it is important to make healthy lifestyle choice and maintain exercise (Murphy & Goldman, 2020).

Obesity has a strong influence on the above risk factors (Murphy & Goldman, 2020). An effective way to manage weight is to work with nutritionist and exercise regularly (Murphy & Goldman, 2020).

Smoking causes a buildup of plaque in one’s arteries. Plaque can cause one to have a heart attack or stroke. Individuals should be educated on the risk of smoking and offered ways to quit smoking.

Population Health Management focuses to improve healthcare and it is outcomes by monitoring and accessing patients within a specific focus group. The most effective program collects data from clinical, financial, and operational to help improve efficiency and care. Data sets are an important component when conducting research. Collecting data and analyzing it allows individuals to identify concerns and focus areas. This is completed by using computer software to manipulate the information.

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Data sets needed for cardiovascular disease is socioeconomic determinants such as education level, occupation, income, ethnicity, sex, and age within a specific area. Data set of clinical and environmental is needed. Clinical review to assess height, weight, and underlying health concerns. Environmental assessment to understand one’s lifestyle and healthy or unhealthy choices such as diet, exercise, and smoking. All the data is necessary to determine an effective way to target individuals for cardiovascular disease risk and implement methods to prevent it. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in Lake County, Florida (Lake County, 2021).

References

Howson, C., Reddy, S., Ryan, T., & Bale, J. (2020). Control of Cardiovascular Diseases in

Developing Countries. Institute of Medicine. National Academy Press. https://www.nap.edu/read/6218/chapter/1

Lakecountyhealth.gov (2021). Community Health Improvement Plan.

http://lake.floridahealth.gov/programs-and-services/community-health-planning-and-statistics/_documents/LakeCo__HealthDeptFinalCHA_10.23.19.pdf

Matheny, M., McPheeter, M., & Glasser, A. (2018). Systematic Review of Cardiovascular

Disease Risk Assessment Tools. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56158

Murphy, S., Goldman, L. (2020). Understanding the Connection Between Heart Disease and

Diabetes. Diabetes and Heart Disease.

https://www.healthline.com/health/type-2-diabetes/understanding-cv-disease-diabetes

Risk Assessment for Cardiovascular Disease with Nontraditional Risk Factors. (2019). Am Fam

Physician. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. https://www.aafp.org/afp/viewRelatedDepartmentsByDepartment.htm?departmentld=11&page=0

Deliverable 2: Executive Summary on Population Health

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