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Monkeypox in Nigeria Blog Write- Up by Selena Lama

September 13, 2021

Media Link

 http://outbreaknewstoday.com/monkeypox-in-nigeria-six-confirmed-cases-in-august-36693/

What

This Media Monday is about the Monkeypox in Nigeria. On the outbreak news published on September 7th, 2021, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) reported a total of nine suspected monkeypox cases among them six were confirmed cases from six states one from each (Rivers, Bayelsa, Delta, FCT, Niger and Ogun). Between January and August 2021, 79 suspected cases have been reported out of them 23 were confirmed from Nigeria as shown in the diagram.

Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus (Orthopoxvirus). According to the WHO, we come to know that this virus mainly occurs in tropical rainforest areas of Central and West Africa (WHO, 2019). In 2021, UK has found three confirmed cases and on 15 July 2021, US has found one case (CDC). The First case was found in humans in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Monkeypox is primarily spread from blood, bodily fluids, from infected animals such as rodents, rats, squirrels, monkeys. From human-to-human transmission is a secondary way through contact with infected persons through broken skin and mucous membrane such as eye, nose and mouth, contaminated material, and exposure to infected droplets (CDC). The fact sheets about Monkeypox from the WHO (2019): –

-Monkeypox is caused by a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus in the family Poxviridae.

• Symptoms: fever, rash and swollen lymph nodes.
• Mostly transmitted to people from wild animals such as rodents and primates and human to human transmission too.
• Most deaths occur in younger age groups.
• Clinically present that monkeypox look like smallpox but they are not as smallpox.
• 1 in 10 persons ill with monkeypox may die.

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Why (CDC, 2021)

There are so many epidemics happening around us but due to pandemic disease everyone is unaware of it. CDC has stated that there is no proven, safe treatment for monkeypox virus. In the US the sudden outbreak is controlled by the smallpox vaccine, antivirals, and Vaccinia Immune Globulin (VIG). Monkeypox looks like smallpox. It begins with fever, headache, muscle ache, exhaustion, and lymph nodes to swell. The symptoms show from 5 -21 days.

Health Communication Opportunities

There are so many viruses out there in this world in order to educate the public. Many sources such as social sites, check out the interviews, and listen to podcasts.  YouTube is one of the best ways to alert people about the rising epidemic. On July 16, 2021, WFAA news reporter reported on 1 confirmed case of a Texas resident. On July 9 the person arrived in Dallas, Love field from Nigeria. The reporter informed the person is undergoing treatment at the hospital. None of them knows about monkeypox. The reporter took an interview with leading scientist Dr. Ben Neuman (research on Coronaviruses for 24 years). In the Interview, Dr. Ben  informed the viewer, “what is monkeypox?” and what the public should know about it. Here are some facts from Dr. Ben about the monkeypox:

• Monkeypox is very similar to smallpox (chickenpox)
• Fatal cases shut down the lungs while in non-fatal cases damage the cornea of the eye and result in vision loss.
• Monkeypox might be dangerous in future.
• Due to the mask in the flight, Dr Ben says that other passengers might not have been infected.
• 1 infected person can infect only one person.
• Nigeria has an ongoing epidemic and most of the infected person was transmitted from animals.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2CBexiyCH58&ab_channel=ABCNews

Public Health Implications (WHO, 2019) &(CDC)

The number of health educators should increase in the community. The awareness should be implemented and educate people about the risk factor and “preventive measures to reduce the contact with exposure to the virus” WHO, 2019. The food such as meat must be cooked well-done before you eat. If an infected person should inform family members and nearest health service and be quarantined, until your health specialist tells you to do so. In most of the cases the infected person hides about their disease and leads to many people infected from it.  According to the CDC, avoid contact with contaminated materials such as bedding, avoid contact with animals such as rodents and primate who are suspected as reservoirs for the transmission of the virus and the most important maintain your golden hand hygiene wash them every time and sanitize them.

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Reference

Monkeypox. (2019, December 9). World Health Organization.  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/monkeypox 

Signs and Symptoms | Monkeypox | Poxvirus | CDC. (n.d.). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved September 12, 2021, from  https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/symptoms.html

Prevention | Monkeypox | Poxvirus | CDC. (n.d.). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved September 12, 2021, from  https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/prevention.html

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