Annotated Bibliography on Dark Ages

November 24, 2022

Annotated Bibliography on Dark Ages

Order Number	636738393092
Type of Project	ESSAY
Writer Level	PHD VERIFIED
Format	APA
Academic Sources	10
Page Count	3-12 PAGES

Instructions/Descriptions

Annotated Bibliography on Dark Ages

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Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON DARK AGES 1

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON DARK AGES 2

Annotated Bibliography on Dark Ages

Ortega

University

Annotated Bibliography on Dark Ages

Introduction

The Dark Ages refer to the medieval period in the studies of humanity. The general duration of the early Dark Ages is considered to be from 450-1000 century (CE). It is believed that the fall of Roman Empire brought about an age of “barbarism and religion” in this period (Gibbon 18th CE). This era, compared to both the pre-dark ages and the post-dark ages, Renaissance, witnessed no significant scientific innovations, no great art produced, and no valiant emperors or leaders ruling the early medieval Europe (Middle Ages, n. d.). These are the major factors which led to the coining of the phrase Dark Ages by Petrarch, the great Italian scholar, in the 14th CE (Wikipedia). In the Dark Ages, when the entire Europe was reeling under barbarism, the Irish social order was flourishing. This proposal is about the vital role of flourishing Irish social order, in the Dark Ages, in the re-conversion of Europe to Christianity.

Annotations

Eaton & McCaffrey (2002). Fortress Ireland. In Search of Ancient Ireland. p. 1-2. Retrieved

from http://www.pbs.org/wnet/ancientireland/fortress.html Comment by mrectenwald: Good source here. But is this a book or a site? Be sure you access the full resource and not just a web page, however.

This book is co-authored by Leo Eaton, renowned producer and director of television and film in Europe and the US, and Carmel McCaffrey who is a well known Irish History professor at the John Hopkins University in Baltimore. This book was published in September 2002 under the publisher Ivan R. Dee. The details of ancient Ireland have been beautifully presented in this book. According to the authors, though there is a myth that around 500 BC, Celtic warriors attacked Ireland, but no proof is present for the same. They argue that the Romans never invaded Ireland, and thus it remained unaffected by the downfall deteriorating the social order of rest of Europe. The Irish had a unique social order which did not have a central power. It was far unlike the feudal system prevalent in rest of the Europe at that time. This unique social order of Ireland was one of the dominating factors which helped the Christianity develop into an altogether different structure from the Roman structure, into the Monastic system. Comment by mrectenwald: Good, does this help you see that the Dark Ages weren’t in fact dark?

The authors are well known figures in the world of art and history, as stated above, which makes this source credible.

My Assessment: This source presents an insight of the ancient Ireland, and its unique social order. It also provides information regarding how Irish people maintained, as well as flourished under the Monastic system. All this information can be used in my essay in describing the flourishing Irish social order. Comment by mrectenwald: Yes!

Essential Humanities (2013). Retrieved from

http://www.essential-humanities.net/western-art/literature/medieval/

The Arthurian legends were the prominent prose and poetry of the late Dark Ages. The spectacular stories of the valor and the loyalty of the knights of this era revived the God-fearing and ethical approach to life. The vernacular languages of Europe thrived in the later Dark Ages, as Greek and Latin were on their decline after the fall of the Roman Empire. According to this source, Chivalry, which emerged in France, was one of the primary cultural forces having an ethical outlook, in this era.

This website is meant for the studies of humanities. The precise details have been cited from the well known books on history, such as “A Short History of the World” by John M. Roberts. So, it is promisingly credible. Comment by mrectenwald: Good, but let’s find some more in-depth sources, ok?

My Assessment: This website presents valuable information regarding the medieval ages. The details about the languages prevalent in this period and the sort of prose and poetry dominant in the later Dark Ages have been provided. All this information can be used to explore the role of Chivalry and the Arthurian legends in defining the ethical system, as well as the lives of people in this era.

Newman (n. d.). Chivalry in the Middle Ages. The Finer Times. Retrieved from

http://www.thefinertimes.com/Middle-Ages/chivalry-in-the-middle-ages.html

According to the author Chivalric code emphasized the concepts, such as honor, courage, loyalty to one’s lord, service, and gallantry towards women. It was a moral system developed in the late Dark Ages. He also argues that this Chivalric code was comparable to the Monastic system prevalent in those days. Both the systems had their common roots in the fact they fought against the “infidels”, the wrong. Both the systems had a great impact on the lives of the people in this era. While the Monastic system was pivotal in re-christening of the society, the Chivalric code played a crucial role in upholding the faith of people in religion.

The author, Professor Simon Newman, is a noted figure in the world of the studies of humanities. So, the credibility of this source can vouched for.

My Assessment: The information presented by this source can be used to explain the reasons that were crucial in upholding the faith of people in humanity, brotherhood and religion, at a time when barbarism was so prevalent in the society. Comment by mrectenwald: Good—a sense of community is defined in this time by the church as the central system (literally) at the heart of each province/city.

O’Connor & Steves (2013). Ireland’s History in a Nutshell. Rick Steves’ Europe. Retrieved

from http://www.ricksteves.com/watch-read-listen/read/articles/irelands-history-in-a-nutshell

According to the authors, while the entire Europe was victimized by the Dark Ages, the Irish monks were the torch-bearers of luminous beam of civilization. Around the 9th CE, the Irish monks were prominent in almost all European courts. It was owing to these monks, that the classical literature and the Holy Scriptures survived the ruins of Roman Empire. The preservation of the classical literatures and the Holy Scriptures was one of the vital roles played by the Irish monks in re-converting Europe to Christianity. Later on this preservation was to become key factor in the advent of the Renaissance.

Rick Steves is popularly known for his proficiency on Irish history. He has authored around 30 books. This book coauthored with O’Connor is well known for its insight into the Irish history as well as its landscapes, and worthy sight-seeing places. All in all it is a credible source.

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My Assessment: This book provides details of Irish Monks, and how they were successful in preserving the classical literature and the Holy Scriptures. It also presents the details about the role of Irish Monks in re-converting the rest of Europe to Christianity. As this is my thesis statement, this source is important in deriving all the related information.

Category	Pts Possible	Pts Received	Your Score: 145
Content: · Entries are organized alphabetically · Entries are 200-250 words each · 3-5 sources are discussed and cited · Annotations describe: key points of the source, uncover controversies introduced by the source, and evaluate the merit of the source (whether or not it is going to work for your paper)	110	110	Be sure to bring a critical approach to your annotations. In other words, this Is not an informative essay that you would read in an encyclopedia or a textbook, but an academic response to the various views others have written about the topic. Try to model your own critical thinking on the quality sources you find in academic journals, books, and academic articles.
Quality of Sources: Sources are from trustworthy sources such as magazines, journals, newspapers and news media sites (PBS.org, NPR.org, CBS.com, New York Times, etc.), educational sites (.edu).	25	20	Remember that academic journals are your first preference, then news sources such as newspapers, magazines, PBS, NPR, and then books (only because books take more time to peruse, to order and read).
APA formatting: Sources are listed in APA format.	5	5	Format your references page entries according to APA format? See sample references page below: http://dianahacker.com/pdfs/Hacker-Mira-APA-Ref.pdf Ctl + click to follow the link. Notice that the spacing, indentation, punctuation, capitalization, etc. is all part of APA format. Please let me know if you are having problems finding resources to assist you with APA format.
Mechanics: Sources are clearly edited with proper punctuation, grammar, etc.	15	15	Be sure to proofread your work for errors. You can also have someone else read your work in case there is anything that you miss. This is a key step in catching errors and providing a much better-quality piece of writing.

Annotated Bibliography on Dark Ages

RUBRIC

Excellent Quality

95-100%

Introduction

45-41 points

The context and relevance of the issue, as well as a clear description of the study aim, are presented. The history of searches is discussed.

Literature Support

91-84 points

The context and relevance of the issue, as well as a clear description of the study aim, are presented. The history of searches is discussed.

Methodology

58-53 points

With titles for each slide as well as bulleted sections to group relevant information as required, the content is well-organized. Excellent use of typeface, color, images, effects, and so on to improve readability and presenting content. The minimum length criterion of 10 slides/pages is reached.

Average Score

50-85%

40-38 points

More depth/information is required for the context and importance, otherwise the study detail will be unclear. There is no search history information supplied.

83-76 points

There is a review of important theoretical literature, however there is limited integration of research into problem-related ideas. The review is just partly focused and arranged. There is research that both supports and opposes. A summary of the material given is provided. The conclusion may or may not include a biblical integration.

52-49 points

The content is somewhat ordered, but there is no discernible organization. The use of typeface, color, graphics, effects, and so on may sometimes distract from the presenting substance. It is possible that the length criteria will not be reached.

Poor Quality

0-45%

37-1 points

The context and/or importance are lacking. There is no search history information supplied.

75-1 points

There has been an examination of relevant theoretical literature, but still no research concerning problem-related concepts has been synthesized. The review is just somewhat focused and organized. The provided overview of content does not include any supporting or opposing research. The conclusion has no scriptural references.

48-1 points

There is no logical or apparent organizational structure. There is no discernible logical sequence. The use of typeface, color, graphics, effects, and so on often detracts from the presenting substance. It is possible that the length criteria will not be reached.