The Natural Law Tradition in Ethics Discussion Questions
Description
Im studying for my Philosophy class and dont understand how to answer this. Can you help me study?
1) According to Pascal, does reason per se give us the knowledge of first principles or of natural truths, or does our knowledge of them stem from another source? If so, what the name(s) does he give to this other kind of knowledge?
2) While human reason is unable to prove these first principles, absolutely speaking, doesn’t it play a role in establishing their evidence (hint: see the end of On the Geometrical Spirit against the Chevalier de Méré)?
3) According to Pascal, it is “doubtless” that there are natural principles of justice or “natural laws”.
a) Identify the various texts that support this claim that there are indeed “natural laws”.
b) If such natural principles of justice exist, why is it nonetheless the case that justice remains a matter of dispute (as is claimed in Fr. S135 L103)? Why aren’t humans capable of settling such disputes over justice by means of rational argument as is the case in geometry (hint: see the first paragraphs of the Art of Persuasion)? Why in your view are force and violence necessarily involved in the settling of such disputes over justice, according to Pascal?
4) “And thus being unable to make what is just strong, we have made what is strong just” (Fr. S135 L103): Can the epithet “just” mean the same things in the parts of this sentence? Does this proposition not make violence to reason?
RUBRIC | |||
Excellent Quality
95-100%
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Introduction
45-41 points The context and relevance of the issue, as well as a clear description of the study aim, are presented. The history of searches is discussed. |
Literature Support
91-84 points The context and relevance of the issue, as well as a clear description of the study aim, are presented. The history of searches is discussed. |
Methodology
58-53 points With titles for each slide as well as bulleted sections to group relevant information as required, the content is well-organized. Excellent use of typeface, color, images, effects, and so on to improve readability and presenting content. The minimum length criterion of 10 slides/pages is reached. |
Average Score
50-85% |
40-38 points
More depth/information is required for the context and importance, otherwise the study detail will be unclear. There is no search history information supplied. |
83-76 points
There is a review of important theoretical literature, however there is limited integration of research into problem-related ideas. The review is just partly focused and arranged. There is research that both supports and opposes. A summary of the material given is provided. The conclusion may or may not include a biblical integration. |
52-49 points
The content is somewhat ordered, but there is no discernible organization. The use of typeface, color, graphics, effects, and so on may sometimes distract from the presenting substance. It is possible that the length criteria will not be reached. |
Poor Quality
0-45% |
37-1 points
The context and/or importance are lacking. There is no search history information supplied. |
75-1 points
There has been an examination of relevant theoretical literature, but still no research concerning problem-related concepts has been synthesized. The review is just somewhat focused and organized. The provided overview of content does not include any supporting or opposing research. The conclusion has no scriptural references. |
48-1 points
There is no logical or apparent organizational structure. There is no discernible logical sequence. The use of typeface, color, graphics, effects, and so on often detracts from the presenting substance. It is possible that the length criteria will not be reached. |
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The Natural Law Tradition in Ethics Discussion Questions